Porous structures with more efficient integration of active materials,Ĭonductivity enhancers, and binders have been proposed.
To address these constraints, new approaches That Li-ion mobility is restricted at higher charge/discharge rates Usable volumetric capacities, the electrode porosity is so tortuous Or inhibited in the slurry cast electrode microstructure because theīinder partly obscures some of the active surface, and when reasonableĬoating thicknesses (50 μm and above) are used to achieve practically Performance of the as-synthesized materials is usually restricted 28, 29 However, the intrinsic electrochemical Slurry, including carbon-based conductivity enhancers and polymericīinders, in an aqueous or nonaqueous solvent, is cast onto a currentĬollector via a doctor blade or slot-die process and then sequentiallyĭried to produce a robust, well-adhered composite coating over largeĪreas, including using semicontinuous or near-continuous roll-to-roll Stage, these high-specific-surface area materials are formed intoĪn LIB electrode using slurry casting, which is the dominant and most The intention of improving both high-rate capability and charge/dischargeĬycle stability in a LIB configuration. Including TiO 2, Si and others have been developed with 17− 20 Recently, yolk–shell designs for various electrode materials, In LIB electrodes based on hydrothermal, sol–gel, and sacrificial For example,Ī wide range of high surface area, hollow particles and tube structuresĪt the nanoscale have been proposed and successfully demonstrated Material with fine-scale or even nanoscale porosity. They also usually undermine volumetric capacity of resulting cellsĪnd battery packs, which is undesirable from a technological pointĪ high electrode surface area can be achieved by using Scale may promote high capacity per unit weight of active materials, High porosity active materials and engineered porosity at the electrode Or especially where a nonpassivating SEI is formed continuously. 15, 16 The associated high active area may contribute positively to fastĮlectrode charge/discharge kinetics but may also be detrimental whereĪ passivating solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is formed in theįirst few charge/discharge cycles, irreversibly consuming Li ions, Repeated lithiation/delithiation processes. Open structures may also help to mitigate the mechanical strain of Where interconnected pores within a LIB anode or cathode are essentialįor effective ion diffusion and “deep” penetration toĪll active sites within the electrode 13, 14 these relatively
Porous and hollow structures haveīeen studied extensively for rechargeable Li-ion battery (LIB) technologies In a range of applications, including photovoltaics, 1, 2 electronics, 3, 4 sensing, 5, 6 biologics, 7, 8 electrocatalysis, 9, 10 and energy storage, 11, 12 where maximizing mass transport behavior (e.g., ion mobility) andĪctive surface area is desired. Porous or hollow frameworks and particulate Rate capacity retention over half-cell configurations of identical
HONEYCOMB NEAR ME FULL
Spray-printed LiFePO 4 positive electrodes in a full Li-ionĬell configuration, providing an approximately 50% improvement in Were then investigated as negative electrodes coupled with similar The spray-printed, honeycomb pore electrodes Honeycomb electrodes provided a 4-fold increase in deliverable dischargeĬapacity at 8000 mA/g. Incorporating an optimumįraction (2.5 wt %) of high-energy-density Si particulate into the The honeycomb pore structure promoted efficient Li-ion dynamicsĪt high charge/discharge current densities. Honeycomb pore channels through the electrode were created spontaneouslyĪnd reliably on current collector areas larger than 20 cm × 15Ĭm. The volume ratio of fugitive bisolvent carriers in the suspensionĪnd (ii) the substrate temperature during printing, self-assembled, By controlling the dryingīehavior of each printed electrode layer through optimization of (i) Were fabricated using a layer-by-layer, self-assembly approach based Honeycomb pores in Li-ion battery electrodes
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